- 需求:从“中国最好大学网”爬取大学排名信息,输出大学排名信息的屏幕输出(排名、大学名称、总分)
- 程序的结构设计:
步骤1:从网络上获取大学排名网页内容——getHTMLText()
步骤2:提取网页内容中信息到合适的数据结构——fillUnivList()
步骤3:利用数据结构展示并输出结果——printUnivList()
- 实现代码:
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import bs4
def getHTMLText(url):
try:
r = requests.get(url, timeout=30)
r.raise_for_status()
r.encoding = r.apparent_encoding
return r.text
except:
return ""
def fillUnivList(ulist, html):
soup = BeautifulSoup(html, "lxml")
for tr in soup.find('tbody').children:
if isinstance(tr, bs4.element.Tag):
tds = tr('td')
ulist.append([tds[0].string, tds[1].string, tds[3].string])
def printUnivList(ulist, num):
tplt = "{0:^10}\t{1:{3}^10}\t{2:^10}"
print(tplt.format("排名", "学校名称", "总分", chr(12288)))
for i in range(num):
u = ulist[i]
print(tplt.format(u[0], u[1], u[2], chr(12288)))
def main():
uinfo = []
url = 'http://www.zuihaodaxue.cn/zuihaodaxuepaiming2016.html'
html = getHTMLText(url)
fillUnivList(uinfo, html)
printUnivList(uinfo, 20) # 20 univs
main()